{"id":210,"date":"2010-04-13T23:32:45","date_gmt":"2010-04-13T14:32:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.typea.info\/blog\/index.php\/2010\/04\/13\/_12\/"},"modified":"2010-04-13T23:32:45","modified_gmt":"2010-04-13T14:32:45","slug":"_12","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.typea.info\/blog\/index.php\/2010\/04\/13\/_12\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4e00\u4eba\u8aad\u66f8\u4f1a \u300c\u8a08\u7b97\u6a5f\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u89e3\u91c8\u300d (12)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.co.jp\/dp\/489471163X?tag=typea09-22&amp;link_code=as3&amp;creativeASIN=489471163X&amp;creative=3999&amp;camp=767\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/images-jp.amazon.com\/images\/P\/489471163X.09.MZZZZZZZ.jpg\" complete=\"complete\"><\/a> <\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>1.2.1\u3000\u7dda\u5f62\u518d\u5e30\u3068\u53cd\u5fa9<\/h2>\n<h3>\u53cd\u5fa9\u7684\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9(iterative process) <\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"\/blg\/glob\/2010\/04\/_11.html\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>\u518d\u5e30\u7684\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9(recursive process)<\/strong> \u306e\u78ba\u8a8d\u3092\u524d\u56de\u884c\u3063\u305f<\/a>\u3001\u6b21\u306f\u3001\u540c\u3058\u304f\u968e\u4e57\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u51e6\u7406\u3092<strong>\u53cd\u5fa9\u7684\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9(iterative process)<\/strong> \u3067\u884c\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint linenums\">(define (factorial n)\r\n  (fact-iter 1 1 n))\r\n\r\n(define (fact-iter product counter max-count)\r\n  (if (&gt; counter max-count)\r\n      product\r\n      (fact-iter (* counter product)\r\n                 (+ counter 1)\r\n                 max-count)))\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u30fb\u30fb\u30fb\u53cd\u5fa9\u3068\u3044\u3046\u97ff\u304d\u304b\u3089\u3001\u518d\u5e30\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u3092\u884c\u3046\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\u3060\u3063\u305f\u304c\u3001<font color=\"#ff0000\"><strong>\u4f8b\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u306f\u3001\u601d\u3044\u3063\u304d\u308a\u518d\u5e30\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u69d8\u306b\u898b\u3048\u308b\u3002<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p>\u305d\u3082\u305d\u3082Scheme\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u304c\u66f8\u3051\u306a\u3044\u306e\u304b\uff1f<\/p>\n<p><font color=\"#ff0000\">\u53cd\u5fa9\u7684\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u304c\u300e\u518d\u5e30\u300f\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3089\u3001\u518d\u5e30\u7684\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3068\u3001\u53cd\u5fa9\u7684\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u306e\u9055\u3044\u306f\u4f55\u306a\u306e\u3060\uff1f<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font color=\"#ff0000\"><\/font>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"\/blg\/glob\/2010\/04\/_11.html\" target=\"_blank\">\u524d\u56de\u306e Java \u3067\u306e\u66f8\u304d\u63db\u3048\u306f<\/a>\u30e1\u30bd\u30c3\u30c9\u547c\u3073\u51fa\u3057\u304c\u898b\u3048\u306b\u304f\u304b\u3063\u305f\u306e\u3067\u3001\u4eca\u56de\u306f\u3082\u3046\u5c11\u3057\u308f\u304b\u308a\u3084\u3059\u304f\u3001\u30e1\u30bd\u30c3\u30c9\u306e\u5165\u308a\u53e3\u3068\u51fa\u53e3\u3067\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u3092\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b9\u3059\u308b\u69d8\u306b\u3057\u3066\u3001\u518d\u5e30\u7684\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3001\u53cd\u5fa9\u7684\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3001\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u51e6\u7406\u306e\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u3067\u3001\u9014\u4e2d\u7d4c\u904e\u3092\u51fa\u529b\u3057\u306a\u304c\u3089\u968e\u4e57\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3055\u305b\u3066\u307f\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint linenums\">package cap1_2_1;\r\n\r\npublic class Factorial {\r\n\r\n    public static void main(String[] args) {\r\n        Factorial me = new Factorial();\r\n        long num = Long.parseLong(args[0]);\r\n        \r\n        \/\/ \u518d\u5e30\u51e6\u7406\r\n        System.out.printf(\"%d! = %d\\n\", num, me.recursiveFactorial(num));\r\n        \/\/ \u53cd\u5fa9\u51e6\u7406(\u518d\u5e30)\r\n        System.out.printf(\"%d! = %d\\n\", num, me.iterativeFactorial(1L,1L,num));\r\n        \/\/ \u53cd\u5fa9\u51e6\u7406(\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7)\r\n        System.out.printf(\"%d! = %d\\n\", num, me.loopFactorial(num));\r\n    }\r\n    \r\n    \/* \u518d\u5e30\u51e6\u7406\u306b\u3088\u308a\u968e\u4e57\u3092\u8a08\u7b97 *\/\r\n    public long recursiveFactorial(long num) {\r\n        trace(num,\"recursive\", true);    \r\n        if (num == 1L) {\r\n            return trace(1L, \"recursive\" , false);\r\n        }\r\n        return trace(num * recursiveFactorial(num - 1L),\"recursive\" , false);\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    \/* \u53cd\u5fa9\u51e6\u7406(\u518d\u5e30)\u306b\u3088\u308a\u968e\u4e57\u3092\u8a08\u7b97 *\/\r\n    public long iterativeFactorial(long product, long counter, long num) {\r\n        trace(product,\"iterative\", true);\r\n        if (counter &gt; num) {\r\n            return trace(product, \"iterative\", false);\r\n        }\r\n        return trace(iterativeFactorial(product * counter, counter + 1, num), \"iterative\", false);\r\n    }\r\n    \r\n    \/* \u53cd\u5fa9\u51e6\u7406(\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7)\u306b\u3088\u308a\u968e\u4e57\u3092\u8a08\u7b97 *\/\r\n    public long loopFactorial(long num) {\r\n        trace(num,\"loop\", true);\r\n\r\n        long product = 1L; \r\n        long counter = 1L;\r\n        \r\n        while(true) {\r\n            if (counter &gt; num) {\r\n                return trace(product, \"loop\", false);\r\n            }\r\n            product *= counter;\r\n            counter++;\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    \/* \r\n     * \u30e1\u30bd\u30c3\u30c9\u306e\u547c\u3073\u51fa\u3057\u3092\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b9 \r\n     * \u30e1\u30bd\u30c3\u30c9\u306b\u5165\u3063\u305f\u6642\u3001\u30ea\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u6642\u306b\u547c\u3076\r\n     *\/\r\n    private long trace(long num, String method, boolean isEnter) {\r\n        \/*\r\n        \/\/ \u30b9\u30bf\u30c3\u30af\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b9\u3092\u5410\u304f\r\n        StackTraceElement[] elms = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace();\r\n        for (StackTraceElement e : elms) {\r\n            System.out.printf(\"\\t%s \", e.getMethodName());\r\n        }\r\n        *\/\r\n        \/\/ (E) Enter (R) Return \r\n        System.out.printf(\"\\t(%s) %s %6d\\n\", (isEnter)?\"E\":\"R\", method, num);\r\n        return num;\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>8 \u3092\u5f15\u6570\u306b\u51e6\u7406\u3092\u884c\u3063\u305f\u3068\u3053\u308d\u3002(E) \u306f\u3001\u30e1\u30bd\u30c3\u30c9\u306e\u5165\u308a\u53e3\u3001(R)\u306f\u51fa\u53e3\u3067\u306e\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>recursive \u304c\u518d\u5e30\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3067\u3001iterative \u304c\u53cd\u5fa9\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint linenums\">\t(E) recursive      8\r\n\t(E) recursive      7\r\n\t(E) recursive      6\r\n\t(E) recursive      5\r\n\t(E) recursive      4\r\n\t(E) recursive      3\r\n\t(E) recursive      2\r\n\t(E) recursive      1\r\n\t(R) recursive      1\r\n\t(R) recursive      2\r\n\t(R) recursive      6\r\n\t(R) recursive     24\r\n\t(R) recursive    120\r\n\t(R) recursive    720\r\n\t(R) recursive   5040\r\n\t(R) recursive  40320\r\n8! = 40320\r\n\t(E) iterative      1\r\n\t(E) iterative      1\r\n\t(E) iterative      2\r\n\t(E) iterative      6\r\n\t(E) iterative     24\r\n\t(E) iterative    120\r\n\t(E) iterative    720\r\n\t(E) iterative   5040\r\n\t(E) iterative  40320\r\n\t(R) iterative  40320\r\n\t(R) iterative  40320\r\n\t(R) iterative  40320\r\n\t(R) iterative  40320\r\n\t(R) iterative  40320\r\n\t(R) iterative  40320\r\n\t(R) iterative  40320\r\n\t(R) iterative  40320\r\n\t(R) iterative  40320\r\n8! = 40320\r\n\t(E) loop      8\r\n\t(R) loop  40320\r\n8! = 40320\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u304a\u30fc \u518d\u5e30\u3001\u53cd\u5fa9\u306e\u4e21\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3067\u3082\u3001\u300e\u518d\u5e30\u300f\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304c\u3001\u884c\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u51e6\u7406\u5185\u5bb9\u304c\u5168\u304f\u7570\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5206\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u518d\u5e30\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3067\u306f\u3001\u884c\u304d\u306b\u8a08\u7b97\u51e6\u7406\u3092\u30b9\u30bf\u30c3\u30af\u306b\u7a4d\u3093\u3067\u3044\u304d(\u81a8\u5f35)\u3001\u5e30\u308a\u306b\u8a08\u7b97\u3092\u884c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b(\u53ce\u7e2e)\u304c\u3001\u53cd\u5fa9\u51e6\u7406\u3067\u306f\u5f90\u3005\u306b\u6210\u9577\u3057\u3066\u3044\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u66f8\u306b\u300c\u518d\u5e30\u7684\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9(process)\u3068\u518d\u5e30\u7684\u624b\u7d9a\u304d(procedure)\u3092\u6df7\u540c\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u306b\u6ce8\u610f\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3042\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u9055\u3044\u306e\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u300c\u624b\u7d9a\u304d\u304c\u518d\u5e30\u7684\u300d \u3068\u3044\u3046\u3068\u304d\u306b\u306f\u3001<u><font color=\"#ff0000\">\u624b\u7d9a\u306e\u69cb\u6587\u306b\u518d\u5e30\u3092\u542b\u3080<\/font><\/u>\u3053\u3068\u3092\u3044\u3046\u3002\u4e0a\u8a18Java \u306b\u66f8\u304d\u63db\u3048\u305f iterativeFactorial() \u30e1\u30bd\u30c3\u30c9\u306f\u3001<font color=\"#ff0000\">\u518d\u5e30\u7684\u624b\u7d9a\u304d\u3060\u304c\u3001\u53cd\u5fa9\u7684\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9<\/font>\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3002\u306a\u308b\u307b\u3069\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u300c(Ada,Pascal,C\u3092\u542b\u3080)\u901a\u5e38\u306e\u8a00\u8a9e\u306e\u5b9f\u88c5\u304c\u3001\u518d\u5e30\u624b\u7d9a\u304d\u306e\u5b9f\u884c\u3067\u6d88\u8cbb\u3059\u308b\u8a18\u61b6\u91cf\u304c\u3001\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u306f\u539f\u7406\u7684\u306b\u53cd\u5fa9\u7684\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3001\u624b\u7d9a\u304d\u547c\u3073\u51fa\u3057\u306e\u6570\u3068\u3068\u3082\u306b\u5897\u52a0\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8a2d\u8a08\u3057\u3066\u3042\u308b\u300d \u8981\u3059\u308b\u306b\u3001\u901a\u5e38\u306e\u8a00\u8a9e\u3067\u306f\u3001\u672c\u8cea\u7684\u306b\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u304c\u53cd\u5fa9\u7684\u3067\u3082\u3001\u69cb\u6587\u304c\u518d\u5e30\u3060\u3068\u3001\u30e1\u30bd\u30c3\u30c9\u547c\u3073\u51fa\u3057\u304c\u30b9\u30bf\u30c3\u30af\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u533a\u5225\u304c\u307e\u304e\u3089\u308f\u3057\u3044\u3068\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u307e\u305f\u3001\u300e\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u8a00\u8a9e\u3067\u306f\u3001\u53cd\u5fa9\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u306f\u3001do\u3001repeat\u3001until\u3001for\u3001while \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7279\u6b8a\u76ee\u7684\u306e\u300c\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u69cb\u9020\u300d\u306b\u983c\u3063\u3066\u3057\u304b\u8a18\u8ff0\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002\u300f <\/p>\n<p>\u78ba\u304b\u306b\u3001\u4e0a\u8a18 Java \u4f8b\u3067 iterativeFactorial \u306f\u30e1\u30bd\u30c3\u30c9\u547c\u3073\u51fa\u3057\u304c\u3001\u4e00\u756a\u5e95\u307e\u3067\u5230\u9054\u3059\u308b\u3068\u7d50\u679c\u306f\u8a08\u7b97\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u3066\u3001\u3042\u3068\u306f\u30e1\u30bd\u30c3\u30c9\u547c\u3073\u51fa\u3057\u3092\u623b\u308a\u306a\u304c\u3089\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u547c\u3073\u51fa\u3057\u5143\u306b\u8fd4\u3059\u3060\u3051\u306b\u3082\u304b\u304b\u308f\u3089\u305a\u3001\u30e1\u30bd\u30c3\u30c9\u547c\u3073\u51fa\u3057\u306f\u30b9\u30bf\u30c3\u30af\u306b\u7a4d\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u304f\u306e\u3060\u304b\u3089\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u304c\u53cd\u5fa9\u7684\u3060\u304b\u3089\u3068\u3044\u3063\u3066\u30e1\u30e2\u30ea\u306e\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf\u306a\u3069\u5909\u308f\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3060\u308d\u3046\u3002trace() \u30e1\u30bd\u30c3\u30c9\u306e\u30b9\u30bf\u30c3\u30af\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b9\u3092\u5410\u304f\u30b3\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u3092\u5916\u3059\u3068\u540c\u3058\u3088\u3046\u306b\u30e1\u30bd\u30c3\u30c9\u304c\u30b9\u30bf\u30c3\u30af\u306b\u3064\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u3063\u3066\u53d6\u308a\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u304f\u69d8\u304c\u3088\u304f\u5206\u304b\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u69cb\u6587\u3067\u66f8\u304d\u76f4\u3059\u3068\u3001loopFactorial() \u30e1\u30bd\u30c3\u30c9\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3058\u3083\u3042\u3001Scheme \u3067\u306f\u3069\u3046\u306a\u306e\u3088\uff1f\u3068\u601d\u3063\u305f\u3089\u30015\u7ae0\u3067\u691c\u8a0e\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u5b9f\u88c5\u4e0a\u3053\u306e\u6b20\u70b9\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3078\u30fc<\/p>\n<p>\u69cb\u6587\u4e0a\u306e\u518d\u5e30\u306f\u3001\u30b7\u30f3\u30bf\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u30b7\u30e5\u30ac\u30fc\u3067\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306f\u56fa\u5b9a\u30b9\u30da\u30fc\u30b9\u3067\u5b9f\u884c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3089\u3057\u3044\u3002\u3053\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u306e\u5b9f\u88c5\u3092 <strong>\u672b\u5c3e\u518d\u5e30\u7684(tail recursive) <\/strong>\u3068\u8a00\u3046\u3089\u3057\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3078\u30fc<\/p>\n<p>\u4eca\u65e5\u306f\u3053\u3053\u307e\u3067\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; 1.2.1\u3000\u7dda\u5f62\u518d\u5e30\u3068\u53cd\u5fa9 \u53cd\u5fa9\u7684\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9(iterative process) \u518d\u5e30\u7684\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9(recursive process) \u306e\u78ba\u8a8d\u3092\u524d\u56de\u884c\u3063\u305f\u3001\u6b21\u306f\u3001\u540c\u3058\u304f\u968e\u4e57\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u51e6\u7406\u3092\u53cd\u5fa9\u7684\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9(it 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